Disease of Central nervous system

Encephalitis

  Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain. It is usually caused by a foreign substance or a viral infection. Symptoms for this disease include: headache, neck pain, drowsiness, nausea, and fever. If caused by the West Nile virus,^[3] it may be lethal to humans, as well as birds and horses.

Meningitis

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges (membranes) of the brain and spinal cord. It is most often caused by a bacterial or viral infection. Fever, vomiting, and a stiff neck are all symptoms of meningitis.

Tropical spastic paraparesis

Troby a virus that can also cause leukemia, a disease of the bone marrow.

Arachnoid cysts

Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells that may develop on the brain or spinal cord.^[4] They are a congenital disorder and in some cases may not show symptoms. However, if there is a large cyst, symptoms may include headache, seizures, ataxia (lack of muscle control),hemiparesis, and several others. Macrocephaly and ADHD are common among children, while pre-senile dementia, hydrocephalus (an abnormality of the dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid), and urinary incontinence are symptoms for elderly patients (65 and older).

Huntington's

Huntington's disease is a rare neurological disorder that is inherited. Degeneration of neuronal cells in the frontal lobe of the brain occurs. There is a progressive decline which results in abnormal movements.^[5] Statistics show that Huntington’s disease may affect 10 per 100,000 people of Western European descent.

Alzheimer’s

Alzheimer’s is a neurodegenerative disease typically found in people over the age of 65 years. Worldwide, approximately 24 million people have dementia; 60% of these cases are due to Alzheimer’s. The ultimate cause is unknown. The clinical sign of Alzheimer’s is progressive cognition deterioration.

Locked-in syndrome

Locked-in syndrome is due to a lesion on the brain stem, damaging the pons. It is a condition where the patient is awake, but suffers from paralysis^[6] of all or nearly all voluntary muscles of the body and cannot communicate or move. Causes of locked-in syndrome may be: traumatic brain injury,circulatory system disease, nerve cell damage, and overdose of medication.